1) It is a replay if a wheelchair player has lifted one buttock off the wheelchair seat when they strike the ball.

2) A distraction is defined as any transient element or occurrence not caused by a player that adversely impacts play, not including permanent objects.

3) Are there any scenarios where a referee would call a fault before the serve occurs?

4) The receiver's partner or server's partner may stand anywhere on or off their team's end of the court.

5) Any player may indicate "Not Ready" prior to the start of the score being called.

6) When the Drop Serve is used, the ball must not be propelled in any direction or in any manner prior to hitting the serve.

7) Player "A1" drops their paddle in the middle of a rally.

Player "A1's" partner (A2), with his own paddle in hand, picks up the dropped paddle and hands it back to player "A1". "A2" then hits a shot down the line for a winner.

What should the referee call?

8) After a rally has ended, the referee holds up her hand indicating that she is about to call the score.

The server then serves the ball before the referee starts to call the score.

This is a fault.

9) When doubles partners disagree on a line call, (one calls the ball "out" and the other calls the ball 'in") either player may appeal to the referee for a ruling.

The appeal to the referee can be made AFTER both players have made their line calls.

10) Examples of a hinder include, but are not limited to, which of the following?

11) If the player rescinds their medical time-out after the medical personnel have been called and before they have arrived, a standard time-out will be charged and the medical time-out will not be charged.

When a standard time-out is not available, the referee will assess a technical foul against the player or team for delay of game.

12) For all serves, at the time the ball is struck, the server's feet may not touch the court or outside the imaginary extension of the sideline or the centerline and both feet must be on the playing surface or ground behind the baseline.

13) In a match with line judges, what line(s) are the players responsible for calling on the serve?

14) Team A arrives late and forfeits the first game in a 2 out of 3 games match.

Team A wins the second game.

Should the teams change ends at 6 points into game 3?

15) Players are responsible for line calls on their side of the net.

If the opponents hit a ball close to a line, the player or team that is supposed to make the line call may appeal to the referee without first making a call.

Once they appeal to the referee, they lose the right to make any subsequent "in" or "out" call for that rally.

16) The duration of an equipment time-out is:

17) A player standing outside the non-volley zone (NVZ) volleys the ball, but begins to lose her balance.

To prevent stepping into the NVZ, she jumps over the corner of the NVZ and into the out of bounds area, then touches a net post while the ball is still live.

A fault should be called.

18) Who retains the right to require an apparel change when the apparel approximates the colour of the tournament ball?

19) It is a fault if a player, while in the act of volleying, collides with their partner, and the momentum created as a result of the volley, causes the partner to enter the non-volley zone.

20) The instant after the ball is served, the server is allowed to step on the baseline or court.

21) In a 2 out of 3 games match, Team A wins the first game 11-7.

During game 2, Team A is losing 9-2 and is assessed a rule-based match forfeit.

What score(s) should be recorded on the scoresheet?

22) If you do not make an initial line call and then ask your opponent's opinion if a ball was “in” or “out,” you must accept their opinion.

Once you ask the opponent's opinion, you lose any right to make a subsequent "in" or "out" call for that rally but may still appeal to the referee.

23) If a served ball touches the net and then hits the receiver's partner, who is clearly standing outside of receiver's service area, what is the call?

24) The top of the net must be 34 inches +/- 0.25 inch (86.36 cm +/- 0.635 cm) high in the center and must be 36 inches +/- 0.25 inch (91.44 cm +/- 0.635 cm) high - measured where?

25) Which of the following would NOT result in a fault?

26) The paddle length cannot exceed 17 inches (43.18cm).

27) When the referee calls the score, the 10-second count begins. If the server asks if they are the correct server, the referee should stop play, answer the question and re-call the score and begin a new 10-second count.

28) A player using objectionable language directed at another person shall incur a verbal warning or technical warning, depending upon the severity. Once a technical warning has been issued, a second technical warning will result in a technical foul.

29) A ball is hit at an angle, bounces in the court, and travels beyond the sidelines.

The receiver manages to return the ball, hitting a low shot (below net level) around and outside the post into the opponent’s court.

This is a legal hit and the ball remains in play.

30) After a request for the Head Referee or Tournament Director has been acknowledged by the referee, the player may rescind the request, however, the player or team will be charged a standard time-out.

When a standard time-out is not available, the referee will assess a technical foul against the player or team.

31) It is not a fault if the server misses the ball when trying to serve as long as the serve occurs before the 10-second count expires.

32) A player with no remaining standard time-out requests a medical time-out and the referee summons the medical personnel.

After several minutes, before medical personnel arrive, the player determines they can continue play.

The referee determines that the player is safe to resume play and should do the following:

33) After game 1, Team A commits a technical foul. Team A will serve first for game 2 with a score of "0-1-2".

Which player on Team B should receive serve?

34) Any decision or ruling by a referee, including a judgment call, may be appealed by a player to the tournament director or their designee.

35) During the mid-game, end change time-out, coaching is allowed.

36) If a player/position error is identified after the rally has played out, the rally shall stand.

37) It is a fault if a player contacts the net post while the ball is live.

38) If a paddle violation is identified after the match has started, the player or team forfeit the current match being played only.

39) If a player receives 3 technical warnings during a 2 out of 3 games match, the referee should impose a match forfeit.

40) During a rally (not on the serve), Team A hits a shot that travels over the net, bounces on Team B's end, and then due to a strong backspin, the ball hits the horizontal bar on the net system before bouncing again on Team B's end.

Team B is unable to return the ball.

What should be the referee's call?

41) A player makes an "out" call but then asks her partner if he agrees with the call.

The partner says he did not clearly see the ball land. Since the partner did not state that the ball was "in", this does not constitute "conflict" and the initial "out" call of the player will stand.

42) A player, who has the use of both hands, rolls the ball off the paddle face to execute a volley serve.

All other requirements of the serve were met and the served ball lands in bounds.

The referee should call a fault for an illegal serve.

43) A serve landing on any service court line, except the non-volley zone line, should be considered in-play.

44) When a rally is over, a player may appeal an opponent's rally ending line call to the referee until what point in time?

45) Team "A" serves to start a rally.

Player "A1" volleys a ball for a winner near the NVZ, but loses her balance and begins windmilling her arms.

Player "A1's" partner drops his paddle in the NVZ and then, from outside the NVZ, grabs player "A1" to prevent her from entering the NVZ.

What should the referee call?

46) Referees may eject or expel players for egregious behaviour if the behaviour happens during the match.

47) During a rally (not on the serve), the ball hit by Team A touches the top of the net tape, dribbles down the net and strikes the feet of the net support system at the side of the court and then bounces back in Team B's court.

Team B is unable to make a play on the ball.

What is the result of this rally?

48) When partners disagree on a line call, then conflict exists and the team's call will be "in".

49) When using the Drop Serve, the release of the ball must be visible to the referee only.

50) An injured player requests a medical time-out.

Medical personnel arrive and the referee starts the 15-minute period.

Medical personnel determine it is necessary to provide treatment off court at another location in the venue.

What should the referee do?

51) After the serve, if players suspect a ball is broken or cracked, play must continue until the end of the rally.

52) In a match to 21, teams have 3 time-outs available.

53) In a match using the rally scoring option, a player/team must win on their serve.

54) If the referee is uncertain whether a server has violated any of the 3 components for a legal volley serve, the referee should immediately stop play and order a re-serve.

55) In a 2 out of 3 games match, Team A wins the first game 11-7.

During game 2, Team A is losing 9-2 and elects to retire.

What score(s) should be recorded on the scoresheet?

56) The event-provided starting server form of identification must be worn:

57) Midway through game 2, partners swing their paddles at the ball at the same time and one player's finger gets hit by his partner's paddle and is injured.

After a fifteen-minute medical time-out, the injured player says he believes he can still play.

The ref calls time-in and calls the score.

The injured player then request one of their remaining standard time-outs.

Should the referee allow the time-out?

58) When a player throws their paddle, depending on the level of severity, a verbal warning, technical warning or technical foul may be given to the offender.

59) When, in the judgement of the referee, a player distracts an opponent when the opponent is about to hit the ball, it is a fault against the player.

60) After game 1, Team A receives a technical foul. Team B will start serving game 2 with a score of "1-0-2".

The starting server for Team B should start the game serving from the left-hand court.

61) After the start of the score being called, “not ready” signals will be ignored, unless there is a valid hinder, but verbal indicators such as "stop" and "wait" will be recognised.

62) In a 2 out of 3 games match, the starting server will always begin the game serving from the right-hand court.

63) In a 2 out of 3 games match, if a team commits 2 technical warnings and a technical foul, the match shall be forfeited.

64) In a 2 out of 3 games match, a referee will impose a game forfeit when a player fails to report to play 10 minutes after the match has been called, unless the Tournament Director grants a delay of the match start for extenuating circumstances.

A match forfeit shall be imposed when a player fails to report to play 15 minutes after the match has been called, unless the Tournament Director grants a delay of the match start for extenuating circumstances.

65) Examples of a distraction may include, but are not limited to, which of the following?

66) A tournament director may assess what penalty to a player or team who fails to comply with tournament or host facility rules while on the premises?

67) With respect to foot faults, the rules apply similarly regarding the placement of the back wheels of a wheelchair as they do for placement of feet of a standing player.

68) If the referee calls a player for a questionable service motion but the served ball does not land in the correct service court, what is the appropriate action for the referee to take?

69) Team B is down 0-9-2 and hits the serve into the net. "Side out."

The server for team B angrily throws his paddle across the court into the net and calls time-out.

You call a technical foul.  The score is now 10-0-1.

When play resumes after the time-out, who should be serving for Team A and from which side?

70) If a player/team does not return the ball,they may appeal the call to the referee or defer to their opponents to make the line call up until the next serve occurs.

71) In a 2 out of 3 games match, 3 technical warnings equates to a game forfeit. In a single game to 15, the game forfeit is the same as the match forfeit.

72) It is a fault if a wheelchair player does not return the ball before it bounces 3 times. The first bounce must be in the court, but the location of the second bounce can be anywhere on the playing surface.

73) During a rally, Player A's hat flies off his head and is headed toward the ground.

Which statement below is FALSE?

74) When a server uses the Drop Serve, the receiver may call for a replay if they did not see the release of the ball. The "call for a replay" must happen before the receiver returns the serve.

75) Before a match, one player complains that he is having difficulty seeing the orange balls that have been provided.

You’ve heard other players also complaining about the ball colour.

The player asks if they can switch to yellow balls telling you that he has asked his opponents and they all agree.

What is your ruling?